checkpoint: real-scale 数据链 + 统计引擎 + ABLUP 稀疏性能修复

init 后首次落盘，累计工作：
- 数据侧：simulate_breeding_data real-scale 3.5万树重建 + 分层观测
- 引擎侧：ABLUP 稀疏生产档 EM-REML（blup 1.6.0/1.7.0）；性能倒挂修复——
  系谱闭包收口为 BFS 可达祖先 + N_EXACT 3000 对齐 N_SUBSAMPLE（选中 200~3000 树
  不再顶进数小时精确迹尾），A/B 数值等价实证 + 守卫探针
- 前端：观测过滤 + 表单/HTTP 工具链完善
- 文档：业务链/观测梳理 + 引擎实施记录 + 规划对照总表
- gitignore：排除 Temp/调试脚本/一次性验证输出

.gitignore

@@ -89,6 +89,13 @@ dump.rdb
 "-w"
 "]"
 
+# 临时/调试脚本与一次性验证输出（不进版本库）
+backend/scripts/_tmp_*.py
+backend/scripts/_apply_trait_seed_sql.py
+backend/scripts/breeding_stats/_debug_*.py
+backend/scripts/breeding_stats/_sparse_golden_check.py
+backend/scripts/breeding_stats/_golden_out.txt
+
 # 本地二进制/运行环境（不提交）
 redis/
 backend/.venv.broken/

backend/app/api/v1/module_bre/statistics/service.py

@@ -26,7 +26,8 @@ import numpy as np
 from datetime import date, datetime
 from typing import Any
 
-from sqlalchemy import String, case, func, or_, select, text, update
+from sqlalchemy import Integer, String, case, cast, false, func, or_, select, text, update
+from sqlalchemy.dialects.postgresql import ARRAY
 from sqlalchemy.ext.asyncio import AsyncSession
 
 from app.core.base_schema import AuthSchema
@@ -84,6 +85,19 @@ def _now() -> datetime:
     return datetime.now()
 
 
+def _id_in(column, ids):
+    """按 IN (SELECT unnest(:arr)) 绑定大 id 列表为单个数组参数。
+
+    asyncpg 单条查询总绑定参数上限 32767，常规 column.in_(ids) 会在
+    bre_tree 等表 id 规模过万时直接崩（IN 子句分块无济于事，因为是全查询
+    计数）。空列表返回恒假条件，避免 SQLAlchemy 渲染出畸形的 IN (NULL)。
+    """
+    ids = list(ids)
+    if not ids:
+        return false()
+    return column.in_(select(func.unnest(cast(ids, ARRAY(Integer)))))
+
+
 # 交配设计（配合力 GCA/SCA 的算法与 ANOVA 自由度随设计而异；与 combining.solve 分支一致）
 _COMBINING_DESIGNS = combining.DESIGNS
 _DESIGN_LABELS = {
@@ -438,6 +452,27 @@ class StatisticsService:
         )).all()
         return {int(r.tree_id) for r in rows}
 
+    @staticmethod
+    def _germ_ancestor_closure(tree_germs: set[int],
+                               g_parent_of: dict[int, tuple[int | None, int | None]]) -> set[int]:
+        """种质级祖先闭包：从选中树直系亲本向上取可达祖先（bre_pedigree 只追祖先链）。
+
+        旧实现把全库 bre_pedigree 子代种质无条件并进模型（选中 400 树 → n≈1204），无关种质
+        在 MME 中零贡献（无表型、与选中树无亲缘），EBV/h² 逐位不变，但 n=树数+~800 一越过
+        N_SPARSE 就误入稀疏精确迹二分（~11min/次）。收口到真实系谱规模后，常见「选几百棵
+        候选树」落稠密秒级。与 _germplasm_pedigree 的多源 BFS 思路一致。
+        """
+        out = set(tree_germs)
+        stack = list(tree_germs)
+        while stack:
+            g = stack.pop()
+            gd, gs = g_parent_of.get(g, (None, None))
+            for pp in (gd, gs):
+                if pp is not None and pp not in out:
+                    out.add(pp)
+                    stack.append(pp)
+        return out
+
     async def _build_pedigree(self, tree_ids: list[int]) -> list[dict]:
         """为给定树集合构建系谱（树=子代、种质=亲本，t/g 前缀；含种质级祖先 bre_pedigree）。
 
@@ -456,7 +491,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 CrossCombinationModel.male_parent_id,
             )
             .outerjoin(CrossCombinationModel, TreeModel.combination_id == CrossCombinationModel.id)
-            .where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+            .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
         )).all()
         pedigree: list[dict] = []
         tree_germs: set[int] = set()
@@ -489,13 +524,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 cid = code2g.get(child_code)
                 if cid is not None and (gd is not None or gs is not None):
                     g_parent_of[cid] = (gd, gs)
-        all_germ_ids = set(tree_germs)
-        for g, (gd, gs) in g_parent_of.items():
-            all_germ_ids.add(g)
-            if gd is not None:
-                all_germ_ids.add(gd)
-            if gs is not None:
-                all_germ_ids.add(gs)
+        all_germ_ids = self._germ_ancestor_closure(tree_germs, g_parent_of)
         for g in sorted(all_germ_ids):
             if g in g_parent_of:
                 gd, gs = g_parent_of[g]
@@ -686,7 +715,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                     TreeModel.germplasm_id,
                 )
                 .outerjoin(CrossCombinationModel, TreeModel.combination_id == CrossCombinationModel.id)
-                .where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids))
+                .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids))
             )).all()
             pedigree: list[dict] = []
             tree_germs: set[int] = set()
@@ -739,7 +768,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 pos_rows = (await self.db.execute(
                     select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.plot_id, TreeModel.block_no,
                            TreeModel.row_no, TreeModel.col_no)
-                    .where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+                    .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
                 )).all()
                 grids: dict[tuple[int, int], list[tuple[int, int, int]]] = {}
                 for r in pos_rows:
@@ -776,13 +805,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                     cid = code2g.get(child_code)
                     if cid is not None and (gd is not None or gs is not None):
                         g_parent_of[cid] = (gd, gs)
-            all_germ_ids = set(tree_germs)
-            for g, (gd, gs) in g_parent_of.items():
-                all_germ_ids.add(g)
-                if gd is not None:
-                    all_germ_ids.add(gd)
-                if gs is not None:
-                    all_germ_ids.add(gs)
+            all_germ_ids = self._germ_ancestor_closure(tree_germs, g_parent_of)
             for g in sorted(all_germ_ids):
                 if g in g_parent_of:
                     gd, gs = g_parent_of[g]
@@ -846,7 +869,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                             TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
                             # 与 site 分支对齐：只取本批次选中树，避免他树混入后
                             # clone_of/combo_of 缺失 → 归入虚构基因型组 f{None}
-                            TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids),
+                            _id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids),
                         )
                         .group_by(yr_obs.tree_id, yr_obs.evaluate_year)
                     )
@@ -1093,7 +1116,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 phenos_keyed = {f"t{tid}": v for tid, v in phenotypes.items()}
                 bpos_rows = (await self.db.execute(
                     select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.block_no)
-                    .where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.block_no.isnot(None),
+                    .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.block_no.isnot(None),
                            TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
                 )).all()
                 block_of: dict[str, int] = {}
@@ -1171,7 +1194,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 if spatial:
                     pos_rows = (await self.db.execute(
                         select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.row_no, TreeModel.col_no)
-                        .where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+                        .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
                     )).all()
                     coords: dict[str, tuple[int, int]] = {}
                     missing_coord_ids: list[int] = []
@@ -1391,7 +1414,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                     TreeModel.germplasm_id,
                 )
                 .outerjoin(CrossCombinationModel, TreeModel.combination_id == CrossCombinationModel.id)
-                .where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids))
+                .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids))
             )).all()
             pedigree: list[dict] = []
             tree_germs: set[int] = set()
@@ -1434,7 +1457,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 pos_rows = (await self.db.execute(
                     select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.plot_id, TreeModel.block_no,
                            TreeModel.row_no, TreeModel.col_no)
-                    .where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+                    .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
                 )).all()
                 grids: dict[tuple[int, int], list[tuple[int, int, int]]] = {}
                 for r in pos_rows:
@@ -1470,13 +1493,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                     cid = code2g.get(child_code)
                     if cid is not None and (gd is not None or gs is not None):
                         g_parent_of[cid] = (gd, gs)
-            all_germ_ids = set(tree_germs)
-            for g, (gd, gs) in g_parent_of.items():
-                all_germ_ids.add(g)
-                if gd is not None:
-                    all_germ_ids.add(gd)
-                if gs is not None:
-                    all_germ_ids.add(gs)
+            all_germ_ids = self._germ_ancestor_closure(tree_germs, g_parent_of)
             for g in sorted(all_germ_ids):
                 if g in g_parent_of:
                     gd, gs = g_parent_of[g]
@@ -1766,7 +1783,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         rel = {r.tree_id: float(r.reliability or 0.0) for r in rows}
         trees = (await self.db.execute(
             select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.trial_study_id, TreeModel.combination_id)
-            .where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+            .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
         )).all()
         site_of = {t.id: t.trial_study_id for t in trees}
         combo_of = {t.id: t.combination_id for t in trees}
@@ -2015,7 +2032,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         if tree_ids:
             rows = (await self.db.execute(
                 select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.clone_id).where(
-                    TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
+                    _id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
                 )
             )).all()
             tree_map = {t.id: t.clone_id for t in rows}
@@ -2023,7 +2040,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         clone_map: dict[int, CloneModel] = {}
         if clone_ids:
             clones = (await self.db.execute(
-                select(CloneModel).where(CloneModel.id.in_(clone_ids), CloneModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+                select(CloneModel).where(_id_in(CloneModel.id, clone_ids), CloneModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
             )).scalars().all()
             clone_map = {c.id: c for c in clones}
         agg: dict[int, dict[str, float | int]] = {}
@@ -2533,7 +2550,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             pid2code = {pid: c for c, pid in batch_ids.items()}
             pv_rows = (await self.db.execute(
                 select(PredictionValueModel.prediction_id, PredictionValueModel.tree_id, PredictionValueModel.reliability).where(
-                    PredictionValueModel.prediction_id.in_(list(batch_ids.values())),
+                    _id_in(PredictionValueModel.prediction_id, list(batch_ids.values())),
                     PredictionValueModel.tree_id.isnot(None),
                 )
             )).all()
@@ -2677,7 +2694,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         """
         rows = (await self.db.execute(
             select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.clone_id, TreeModel.tree_no).where(
-                TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
+                _id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
             )
         )).all()
         clone_of = {t.id: t.clone_id for t in rows}
@@ -2687,7 +2704,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         if clone_ids:
             clones = (await self.db.execute(
                 select(CloneModel.id, CloneModel.clone_code).where(
-                    CloneModel.id.in_(clone_ids), CloneModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
+                    _id_in(CloneModel.id, clone_ids), CloneModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
                 )
             )).all()
             clone_label = {c.id: c.clone_code for c in clones}
@@ -3011,7 +3028,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         if refs:
             pv_rows = (await self.db.execute(
                 select(PredictionValueModel.tree_id, PredictionValueModel.reliability).where(
-                    PredictionValueModel.prediction_id.in_(list(refs.values())),
+                    _id_in(PredictionValueModel.prediction_id, list(refs.values())),
                     PredictionValueModel.tree_id.isnot(None),
                 )
             )).all()
@@ -3048,11 +3065,11 @@ class StatisticsService:
         all_tids = {t for u in units for t in u["tree_ids"]}
         tree_rows = (await self.db.execute(
             select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.combination_id, TreeModel.tree_no, TreeModel.stage)
-            .where(TreeModel.id.in_(all_tids))
+            .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, all_tids))
         )).all()
         tree_map = {t.id: t for t in tree_rows}
         existing = (await self.db.execute(
-            select(SelectionResultModel).where(SelectionResultModel.tree_id.in_(all_tids))
+            select(SelectionResultModel).where(_id_in(SelectionResultModel.tree_id, all_tids))
         )).scalars().all()
         existing_by_tree = {e.tree_id: e for e in existing}
 
@@ -3144,7 +3161,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         """
         stmt = select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.dam_id, TreeModel.sire_id).where(TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
         if tree_ids:
-            stmt = stmt.where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids))
+            stmt = stmt.where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids))
         rows = (await self.db.execute(stmt)).all()
         if not rows:
             raise CustomException(msg="无活动单株")
@@ -3203,11 +3220,35 @@ class StatisticsService:
             raise CustomException(msg=f"性状不可用于统计(需数值型且存在): {trait_code}")
         direction = (trait_row.direction or "desc").lower()
         desirable_high = direction != "asc"  # desc/None：表型越高越好；asc：越低越好（如病指）
-        # 1) 单株系谱 → 深层系谱 A 矩阵 → 近交系数 F
+        # 0) 先取目标性状每树表型（同株多次取均值）——近交只针对有该性状表型的单株；
+        #    全库 3.6 万树建稠密 A 会 OOM（36990²×8B≈10 GiB），必须按表型树收口。
+        obs = TraitObservationModel
+        stmt = (
+            select(obs.tree_id, func.avg(obs.value_numeric).label("v"))
+            .join(TreeModel, obs.tree_id == TreeModel.id)
+            .where(
+                obs.trait_id == trait_id,
+                obs.value_numeric.isnot(None),
+                obs.tree_id.isnot(None),
+                obs.is_deleted.is_(False),
+                TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
+            )
+            .group_by(obs.tree_id)
+        )
+        if year is not None:
+            stmt = stmt.where(obs.evaluate_year == year)
+        if trial_study_id is not None:
+            stmt = stmt.where(obs.trial_study_id == trial_study_id)
+        agg = (await self.db.execute(stmt)).all()
+        if not agg:
+            raise CustomException(msg="无可用表型数据（该性状为空）")
+        # 1) 单株系谱（仅表型树）→ 深层系谱 A 矩阵 → 近交系数 F
         # 单株 dam/sire 引用种质；种质系谱经 _germplasm_pedigree 多源 BFS 解析（bre_pedigree
         # 名称反查 + tree FK 兜底 + 祖先展开，与 OCS/mating 同源）——多世代项目（半同胞共享
         # 祖亲）不再低估 F；被引用但未解析（软删等）种质补 founder 兜底。
-        stmt = select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.dam_id, TreeModel.sire_id).where(TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+        stmt = (select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.dam_id, TreeModel.sire_id)
+                .where(TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
+                       _id_in(TreeModel.id, [r.tree_id for r in agg])))
         rows = (await self.db.execute(stmt)).all()
         if not rows:
             raise CustomException(msg="无活动单株")
@@ -3249,27 +3290,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         for k, v in rmat_res["inbreeding"].items():
             if k.startswith("t") and k[1:].isdigit():
                 f_by_tree[int(k[1:])] = float(v)
-        # 2) 目标性状每树表型（同株多次取均值）
-        obs = TraitObservationModel
-        stmt = (
-            select(obs.tree_id, func.avg(obs.value_numeric).label("v"))
-            .join(TreeModel, obs.tree_id == TreeModel.id)
-            .where(
-                obs.trait_id == trait_id,
-                obs.value_numeric.isnot(None),
-                obs.tree_id.isnot(None),
-                obs.is_deleted.is_(False),
-                TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
-            )
-            .group_by(obs.tree_id)
-        )
-        if year is not None:
-            stmt = stmt.where(obs.evaluate_year == year)
-        if trial_study_id is not None:
-            stmt = stmt.where(obs.trial_study_id == trial_study_id)
-        agg = (await self.db.execute(stmt)).all()
-        if not agg:
-            raise CustomException(msg="无可用表型数据（该性状为空）")
+        # 2) 表型已在上方取好（agg），直接配对 F
         pairs: list[tuple[int, float, float]] = []
         for r in agg:
             f = f_by_tree.get(int(r.tree_id))
@@ -3329,7 +3350,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             interpretation = f"未检出近交衰退（F 对表型无{trend}影响）"
         tree_ids = [p[0] for p in pairs]
         trows = (await self.db.execute(
-            select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.tree_no).where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids))
+            select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.tree_no).where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids))
         )).all()
         tree_map = {tid: no for tid, no in trows}
         base.update({
@@ -3470,7 +3491,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 if flagged_ids:
                     for tid, tno in (await self.db.execute(
                             select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.tree_no)
-                            .where(TreeModel.id.in_(flagged_ids)))).all():
+                            .where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, flagged_ids)))).all():
                         tree_no_map[int(tid)] = tno or ""
                 excluded_ids = await self._excluded_tree_ids()
                 mendelian_section = {
@@ -3665,7 +3686,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         gs = (await self.db.execute(
             select(BreedingGermplasmModel.id, BreedingGermplasmModel.cultivar_name,
                    BreedingGermplasmModel.accession_no)
-            .where(BreedingGermplasmModel.id.in_(gids))
+            .where(_id_in(BreedingGermplasmModel.id, gids))
         )).all()
         cand_ids = [int(g.id) for g in gs]
         if not cand_ids:
@@ -3793,7 +3814,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             pvs = (await self.db.execute(
                 select(PredictionValueModel).where(
                     PredictionValueModel.prediction_id == ebv_pred.id,
-                    PredictionValueModel.germplasm_id.in_(cand_ids),
+                    _id_in(PredictionValueModel.germplasm_id, cand_ids),
                     PredictionValueModel.predicted_value.isnot(None),
                 )
             )).scalars().all()
@@ -3819,7 +3840,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 mset = set(missing)
                 off_tree = (await self.db.execute(
                     select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.dam_id, TreeModel.sire_id, TreeModel.combination_id).where(
-                        or_(TreeModel.dam_id.in_(missing), TreeModel.sire_id.in_(missing)),
+                        or_(_id_in(TreeModel.dam_id, missing), _id_in(TreeModel.sire_id, missing)),
                         TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
                     )
                 )).all()
@@ -3828,7 +3849,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                     off_pvs = (await self.db.execute(
                         select(PredictionValueModel.tree_id, PredictionValueModel.predicted_value).where(
                             PredictionValueModel.prediction_id == ebv_pred.id,
-                            PredictionValueModel.tree_id.in_(off_ids),
+                            _id_in(PredictionValueModel.tree_id, off_ids),
                             PredictionValueModel.predicted_value.isnot(None),
                         )
                     )).all()
@@ -3887,7 +3908,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         cand_ids = list(dict.fromkeys(candidate_germplasm_ids))
         gs = (await self.db.execute(
             select(BreedingGermplasmModel).where(
-                BreedingGermplasmModel.id.in_(cand_ids),
+                _id_in(BreedingGermplasmModel.id, cand_ids),
                 BreedingGermplasmModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
             )
         )).scalars().all()
@@ -4048,7 +4069,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             raise CustomException(msg=f"选择数量 n_select={n_select} 超过候选亲本数 {len(cand_ids)}")
         gs = (await self.db.execute(
             select(BreedingGermplasmModel).where(
-                BreedingGermplasmModel.id.in_(cand_ids),
+                _id_in(BreedingGermplasmModel.id, cand_ids),
                 BreedingGermplasmModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
             )
         )).scalars().all()
@@ -4210,7 +4231,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
 
         cand_rows = (await self.db.execute(
             select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.tree_no).where(
-                TreeModel.id.in_(list(dict.fromkeys(candidate_tree_ids))),
+                _id_in(TreeModel.id, list(dict.fromkeys(candidate_tree_ids))),
                 TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
             )
         )).all()
@@ -4241,7 +4262,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 select(GenotypeCallModel.sample_id, GenotypeCallModel.marker_id,
                        GenotypeCallModel.allele)
                 .where(
-                    GenotypeCallModel.marker_id.in_(bg_marker_ids),
+                    _id_in(GenotypeCallModel.marker_id, bg_marker_ids),
                     GenotypeCallModel.allele.isnot(None),
                     GenotypeCallModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
                 )
@@ -4249,7 +4270,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             if calls:
                 sample_ids = sorted({c.sample_id for c in calls})
                 samples = (await self.db.execute(
-                    select(GenotypeSampleModel).where(GenotypeSampleModel.id.in_(sample_ids))
+                    select(GenotypeSampleModel).where(_id_in(GenotypeSampleModel.id, sample_ids))
                 )).scalars().all()
                 sample_tree, _ = await self._sample_to_tree_map(samples)
                 for c in calls:
@@ -4412,7 +4433,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
                 block_of[ent.id] = blk
             await self.db.execute(
                 update(TrialStudyEntryModel)
-                .where(TrialStudyEntryModel.id.in_(list(block_of)))
+                .where(_id_in(TrialStudyEntryModel.id, list(block_of)))
                 .values(block_no=case(block_of, value=TrialStudyEntryModel.id, else_=None))
             )
             await self.db.flush()
@@ -4468,7 +4489,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         if block_of:
             await self.db.execute(
                 update(TrialStudyEntryModel)
-                .where(TrialStudyEntryModel.id.in_(list(block_of)))
+                .where(_id_in(TrialStudyEntryModel.id, list(block_of)))
                 .values(block_no=case(block_of, value=TrialStudyEntryModel.id, else_=None))
             )
             await self.db.flush()
@@ -4577,7 +4598,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         if block_of:
             await self.db.execute(
                 update(TrialStudyEntryModel)
-                .where(TrialStudyEntryModel.id.in_(list(block_of)))
+                .where(_id_in(TrialStudyEntryModel.id, list(block_of)))
                 .values(block_no=case(block_of, value=TrialStudyEntryModel.id, else_=None))
             )
             await self.db.flush()
@@ -4634,7 +4655,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         if block:
             tree_ids = [int(r.tree_id) for r in agg]
             block_rows = (await self.db.execute(
-                select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.block_no).where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids))
+                select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.block_no).where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids))
             )).all()
             block_of = {int(tid): bn for tid, bn in block_rows}
             rows = [
@@ -4998,10 +5019,10 @@ class StatisticsService:
         all_tree_ids = sorted(set(by_tree) | set(ebv_map) | mas["tree_ids"])
         if all_tree_ids:
             tree_no_map = dict((await self.db.execute(
-                select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.tree_no).where(TreeModel.id.in_(all_tree_ids))
+                select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.tree_no).where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, all_tree_ids))
             )).all())
             combo_map = dict((await self.db.execute(
-                select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.combination_id).where(TreeModel.id.in_(all_tree_ids))
+                select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.combination_id).where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, all_tree_ids))
             )).all())
         else:
             tree_no_map, combo_map = {}, {}
@@ -5168,7 +5189,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             tree_ids = sorted({r.tree_id for r in rows})
             trows = (await self.db.execute(
                 select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.clone_id, TreeModel.combination_id).where(
-                    TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+                    _id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
             )).all()
             clone_of = {t.id: t.clone_id for t in trows}
             combo_of = {t.id: t.combination_id for t in trows}
@@ -5545,7 +5566,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         else:
             tree_rows = (await self.db.execute(
                 select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.clone_id, TreeModel.tree_no).where(
-                    TreeModel.id.in_(list(by_tree)), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
+                    _id_in(TreeModel.id, list(by_tree)), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
                 )
             )).all()
             clone_of = {t.id: t.clone_id for t in tree_rows}
@@ -5555,7 +5576,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             if clone_ids:
                 clones = (await self.db.execute(
                     select(CloneModel.id, CloneModel.clone_code).where(
-                        CloneModel.id.in_(clone_ids), CloneModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
+                        _id_in(CloneModel.id, clone_ids), CloneModel.is_deleted.is_(False)
                     )
                 )).all()
                 clone_label = {c.id: c.clone_code for c in clones}
@@ -5807,7 +5828,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             rel = result["reliability"]
             ebv = result["ebv"]
             germ_of = dict((await self.db.execute(
-                select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.germplasm_id).where(TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids))
+                select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.germplasm_id).where(_id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids))
             )).all())
             direction = (trait_row.direction or "desc").lower()
             tree_ebv = [(tid, float(ebv.get(f"t{tid}", 0.0))) for tid in tree_ids]
@@ -5898,7 +5919,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             select(GenotypeCallModel.sample_id, GenotypeCallModel.marker_id,
                    GenotypeCallModel.allele)
             .where(
-                GenotypeCallModel.sample_id.in_(sample_ids),
+                _id_in(GenotypeCallModel.sample_id, sample_ids),
                 GenotypeCallModel.marker_id.isnot(None),
                 GenotypeCallModel.allele.isnot(None),
                 GenotypeCallModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
@@ -5909,7 +5930,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
         marker_ids = sorted({r.marker_id for r in call_rows})
         markers = (await self.db.execute(
             select(MarkerModel.id, MarkerModel.marker_name, MarkerModel.marker_type).where(
-                MarkerModel.id.in_(marker_ids), MarkerModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+                _id_in(MarkerModel.id, marker_ids), MarkerModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
         )).all()
         if not markers:
             raise CustomException(msg="标记不存在")
@@ -6068,7 +6089,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             select(GenotypeCallModel.sample_id, GenotypeCallModel.marker_id,
                    GenotypeCallModel.allele)
             .where(
-                GenotypeCallModel.sample_id.in_(sample_ids),
+                _id_in(GenotypeCallModel.sample_id, sample_ids),
                 GenotypeCallModel.marker_id.isnot(None),
                 GenotypeCallModel.allele.isnot(None),
                 GenotypeCallModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
@@ -6081,7 +6102,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             select(MarkerModel.id, MarkerModel.marker_name,
                    MarkerModel.chromosome, MarkerModel.position,
                    MarkerModel.marker_type)
-            .where(MarkerModel.id.in_(marker_ids), MarkerModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+            .where(_id_in(MarkerModel.id, marker_ids), MarkerModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
         )).all()
         if not markers:
             raise CustomException(msg="标记不存在")
@@ -6594,7 +6615,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             select(GenotypeCallModel.sample_id, GenotypeCallModel.marker_id,
                    GenotypeCallModel.allele)
             .where(
-                GenotypeCallModel.marker_id.in_(marker_ids),
+                _id_in(GenotypeCallModel.marker_id, marker_ids),
                 GenotypeCallModel.allele.isnot(None),
                 GenotypeCallModel.is_deleted.is_(False),
             )
@@ -6603,7 +6624,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             return out
         sample_ids = sorted({c.sample_id for c in calls})
         samples = (await self.db.execute(
-            select(GenotypeSampleModel).where(GenotypeSampleModel.id.in_(sample_ids))
+            select(GenotypeSampleModel).where(_id_in(GenotypeSampleModel.id, sample_ids))
         )).scalars().all()
         sample_tree, _ = await self._sample_to_tree_map(samples)
         tree_geno: dict[int, dict[int, str]] = {}
@@ -6744,7 +6765,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             # GXE 分支：环境维度记录 → rec_phenos（与 run_ablup 同构）
             grp_rows = (await self.db.execute(
                 select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.clone_id, TreeModel.combination_id).where(
-                    TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+                    _id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
             )).all()
             clone_of = {t.id: t.clone_id for t in grp_rows}
             combo_of = {t.id: t.combination_id for t in grp_rows}
@@ -6764,7 +6785,7 @@ class StatisticsService:
             else:
                 site_rows = (await self.db.execute(
                     select(TreeModel.id, TreeModel.trial_study_id).where(
-                        TreeModel.id.in_(tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
+                        _id_in(TreeModel.id, tree_ids), TreeModel.is_deleted.is_(False))
                 )).all()
                 site_of = {t.id: t.trial_study_id for t in site_rows}
                 rec_phenos = {}

backend/app/api/v1/module_bre/tree/service.py

@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ from app.utils.dict_util import DictLabelResolver, dict_value_to_label
 from app.utils.number_gen import NumberGenService
 
 from .crud import BreedingTreeCRUD
+from .model import TreeModel
 from .schema import (
     TreeCreateSchema,
     TreeOutSchema,
@@ -370,8 +371,10 @@ class TreeService:
         await BreedingTreeCRUD(self.auth, self.db).delete(ids=ids)
 
     async def list_options(self) -> list[dict[str, Any]]:
-        """供前端下拉选择使用：返回 [{value, label}]。"""
-        obj_list = await BreedingTreeCRUD(self.auth, self.db).get_list(order_by=[{"id": "asc"}])
+        """供前端下拉选择使用：返回 [{value, label}]。只取 id/tree_no 两列，避免全表列加载拖慢下拉。"""
+        obj_list = await BreedingTreeCRUD(self.auth, self.db).get_list(
+            order_by=[{"id": "asc"}], load_columns=[TreeModel.id, TreeModel.tree_no]
+        )
         return [{"value": o.id, "label": o.tree_no} for o in obj_list]
 
     @staticmethod

backend/scripts/breeding_stats/blup.py

@@ -9,15 +9,21 @@
 - 无父母的个体一律视为 founder（base population，彼此不相关）。
 
 算法：
-1. A 矩阵（稠密，O(n²) 递归）→ 各体自交系数 F；
-2. A⁻¹ 用 Henderson 稀疏规则构造（无需求 A 的逆）；
-3. MME 求解：y = Xb + Zu + e，X=截距+固定效应虚拟列+协变量（默认仅截距），λ = σ²e/σ²a；
-   默认稠密精确求解；个体数 > N_SPARSE（默认 1000）且系谱存在时切稀疏 A⁻¹ + 共轭梯度
-   迭代（solve 的 solver="sparse-cg"）：EBV/h²/σ² 为 CG 精确解，reliability 用
-   Hutchinson 随机探测估计 C22 对角线（reliability_approx=True，均值/PA 可靠、个体级近似）；
-4. 剖面 REML：对每个候选 h² 固定 λ，用 MME 解的 EM 条件式估计 σ²e、σ²a，
-   再用精确 REML 对数似然评分，黄金分割一维最大化（稳健、可收敛到边界）；
-5. h² = σ²a/(σ²a+σ²e)；reliability = 1 - PEV/σ²a，PEV = C22[ii]·σ²e。
+1. A⁻¹ 用 Henderson 稀疏规则构造（无需求 A 的逆）；
+2. MME 求解：y = Xb + Zu + e，X=截距+固定效应虚拟列+协变量（默认仅截距），λ = σ²e/σ²a；
+   个体数 ≤ N_SPARSE（默认 1000）→ 稠密精确求解（solver="dense"：索引化 Z、稠密 A、
+   剖面 REML 黄金分割）；个体数 > N_SPARSE 且系谱存在 → 稀疏路径（solver="sparse-em"）：
+   Z 索引化设计矩阵（bincount）、稀疏 A⁻¹ 三元组 + 共轭梯度迭代，全程不落稠密 Z/A/V
+   （35k 树在常规内存内跑通）。方差分量按 n 分档：
+   个体数 ≤ N_EXACT（3000）→ tr(A⁻¹C²²) 逐列 CG 精确（无随机噪声），REML 解
+   h(λ)=g(λ)−λ=0 单调单根 → log10λ 二分 ~32 步到 1e-5（规避 EM 慢收缩）；
+   个体数 > N_EXACT 且观测数 m>N_SUBSAMPLE（可真实子采样）→ 随机子样本（观测
+   ≤N_SUBSAMPLE，含祖先闭包）上精确迹二分求 REML 解——子样本 REML 为全群方差组分
+   一致估计（抽样 SE h² 约 ±0.04），再全群 MME 于子样本 λ* 下解 EBV（大样本 EM 慢收缩
+   ρ≈0.999 冻结不可用；EBV 对 λ 稳健，warning 标注）；
+3. reliability：稠密路径精确（diag(C22) 取 MME 逆对角）；稀疏路径 n≤EXACT_DIAG_N 用
+   稠密 MME 逆精确、n 大用 Hutchinson 随机探测（reliability_approx=True，均值/PA 可靠、个体级近似）；
+4. h² = σ²a/(σ²a+σ²e)；reliability = 1 - PEV/σ²a，PEV = C22[ii]·σ²e。
 
 无系谱（所有个体均无父母）时：不背书遗传力——
 h2 置 None、reliability 全部置 0、EBV 取中心化表型，并返回 warning。
@@ -41,8 +47,27 @@ CG_TOL = 1e-9  # 共轭梯度相对残差收敛阈值
 # CG 精确解；reliability 是 MC 对角估计——同家族强相关的 C22 令其收敛慢（~1/√k），
 # 误差随 k 减小但非精确，作为文档标注的近似（排序可靠、量级可信）。
 HUTCH_K = 100
+# 稀疏路径 reliability 分档：个体数 ≤ EXACT_DIAG_N → diag(C22) 用稠密 MME 逆精确求
+# （golden 等价档，无 MC 噪声——n=20 全同胞小样本 h²→1 边界实测 Hutchinson 均值误差 ~0.08）；
+# > EXACT_DIAG_N → Hutchinson 随机探测（排序可靠、量级可信，误差随个体数稀释）。
+EXACT_DIAG_N = 1000
+# 稀疏路径分档：精确迹二分求 λ*（逐列 CG 精确 tr(A⁻¹C²²)，无随机噪声，
+# REML 解 = h(λ)=g(λ)−λ=0 单调单根，log10λ 二分 ~32 步到 1e-5，规避 EM 慢收缩 ρ≈0.987）。
+# 精确迹 O(n²)（每步似然 n 次逐列 CG），仅个体数 ≤ N_EXACT 才可负担；>N_EXACT 且可真实
+# 子采样观测（m>N_SUBSAMPLE）→ 随机子样本精确迹二分（观测 ≤N_SUBSAMPLE，含祖先闭包）
+# 求 λ*，再全群 MME 求解。
+# 大样本 EM 收缩率 ρ→0.999（100 步 λ 几乎不动，冻结在初始猜测），Hutchinson 噪声又淹没
+# h(λ) 信号（~2e-4 vs 噪声 ~2e-3），全群精确迹 O(n²) 不可行；子样本 iid 抽样 REML 为全群
+# 方差组分一致估计（n_sub=3000 抽样 SE h² ≈ ±0.04），EBV 对 λ 稳健（偏 25% Kendall τ>0.97）。
+# N_EXACT 对齐 N_SUBSAMPLE：m>N_SUBSAMPLE 时 n≈m+系谱必超 N_EXACT → 走子样本封顶 ~70min，
+# 消除 3000<n≤6000 精确迹数小时级尾（性能倒挂：局部选 3000-6000 树比全量还慢）。
+N_EXACT = 3000
+N_SUBSAMPLE = 3000  # 生产档子样本观测数上限（n>N_EXACT 且 m>N_SUBSAMPLE 才触发）
+BISECT_LO, BISECT_HI = -4.0, 4.0  # log10(λ=Ve/Va) 二分区间（REML 解通常在其内）
+BISECT_TOL = 1e-8  # 二分 log10(λ) 收敛宽度（→ λ 相对精度 ~1e-8）
+MAX_BISECT_EVAL = 60  # 二分求值上限
 
-ENGINE_VERSION = "1.5.0"  # 单性状动物模型 BLUP 求解器版本（落 bre_prediction.engine_version；1.1.0: 供 mtblup 单性状方差复用；1.2.0: G×R 砧木×接穗互作；1.3.0: AR1×AR1 空间协方差 solve_spatial + 稀疏 A⁻¹/共轭梯度/Hutchinson 可靠性；1.4.0: AR1×AR1 各向异性双参数 ρ_row/ρ_col；1.5.0: 区组随机效应 _solve_block（增广/α-格子 block_no 第二随机效应））
+ENGINE_VERSION = "1.7.0"  # 单性状动物模型 BLUP 求解器版本（落 bre_prediction.engine_version；1.1.0: 供 mtblup 单性状方差复用；1.2.0: G×R 砧木×接穗互作；1.3.0: AR1×AR1 空间协方差 solve_spatial + 稀疏 A⁻¹/共轭梯度/Hutchinson 可靠性；1.4.0: AR1×AR1 各向异性双参数 ρ_row/ρ_col；1.5.0: 区组随机效应 _solve_block（增广/α-格子 block_no 第二随机效应）；1.6.0: 稀疏路径 EM-REML（索引化设计矩阵 + 稀疏 A⁻¹ 无稠密 A + EM-REML，35k 树不再 OOM；n≤N_EXACT 精确迹二分 λ*，n>N_EXACT 随机子样本精确迹二分 → 全群 MME 解 EBV）；1.7.0: 性能倒挂修复——N_EXACT 6000→3000 对齐 N_SUBSAMPLE，生产档仅 m>N_SUBSAMPLE 才触发；系谱闭包改 BFS 可达祖先（服务层），选中 200~3000 树不再被全量 germplasm 闭包顶进数小时精确迹尾）
 
 
 def _pearson(x: list[float], y: list[float]) -> float:
@@ -129,30 +154,37 @@ def _build_ainv(order: list[int], n_base: int,
 def _build_ainv_sparse(order: list[int], n_base: int,
                        parent_of: dict[int, tuple[int | None, int | None]]
                        ) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
-    """返回 (A, ii, jj, vv)：A 稠密（供 REML 似然与近交系数）；A⁻¹ 以 COO 稀疏三元组存储。
+    """返回 (diag_a, ii, jj, vv)：A 对角（近交 F=A_ii−1 来源）；A⁻¹ 以 COO 稀疏三元组存储。
 
-    Henderson 规则与 _build_ainv 逐项一致，但 A⁻¹ 不落稠密矩阵，只收集非零元
-    （对角 + 2 亲本 × (对角/双向共祖先)），供共轭梯度 matvec 使用：
-    (Ainv·u)[i] = Σ_j Ainv_ij·u_j，np.add.at 按三元组累加即可。
+    不构建稠密 A：加性关系对角用「祖先稀疏行」递推（每体一行 {祖先: A_ij}，浅系谱祖先数
+    小，O(n·s²)），Henderson 规则只需 A 对角（fp/fq）与双亲交叉 A[di,si]，均可在稀疏行上
+    读出；A⁻¹ 非零元（对角 + 2 亲本 × 对角/双向共祖先）逐项与 _build_ainv 一致。
+    matvec 时用 np.bincount 按 ii 累加 ainv_vv·u[jj] 即得 A⁻¹·u（重复元自动合并）。
     """
     n = len(order)
     idx = {ind: pos for pos, ind in enumerate(order)}
-    A = np.eye(n)
+    anc: list[dict[int, float]] = [None] * n
+    diag_a = np.zeros(n)
     for pos, ind in enumerate(order):
         d, s = parent_of.get(ind, (None, None))
         if d is None and s is None:
+            anc[pos] = {pos: 1.0}
+            diag_a[pos] = 1.0
             continue
         di = idx.get(d) if d is not None else None
         si = idx.get(s) if s is not None else None
-        row = np.zeros(n)
-        if di is not None:
-            row += A[di]
-        if si is not None:
-            row += A[si]
-        A[pos, :] = 0.5 * row
-        A[:pos, pos] = A[pos, :pos]
-        apq = A[di, si] if (di is not None and si is not None) else 0.0
-        A[pos, pos] = 1.0 + 0.5 * apq
+        row: dict[int, float] = {}
+        for src in (di, si):
+            if src is not None:
+                for j, v in anc[src].items():
+                    row[j] = row.get(j, 0.0) + 0.5 * v
+        apq = 0.0
+        if di is not None and si is not None:
+            small, big = (anc[di], anc[si]) if len(anc[di]) < len(anc[si]) else (anc[si], anc[di])
+            apq = sum(v * big[j] for j, v in small.items() if j in big)
+        row[pos] = 1.0 + 0.5 * apq
+        anc[pos] = row
+        diag_a[pos] = row[pos]
 
     ii: list[int] = []
     jj: list[int] = []
@@ -171,8 +203,8 @@ def _build_ainv_sparse(order: list[int], n_base: int,
         i = idx[ind]
         di = idx.get(d) if d is not None else None
         si = idx.get(s) if s is not None else None
-        fp = A[di, di] - 1.0 if di is not None else 0.0
-        fq = A[si, si] - 1.0 if si is not None else 0.0
+        fp = diag_a[di] - 1.0 if di is not None else 0.0
+        fq = diag_a[si] - 1.0 if si is not None else 0.0
         t = 0.5 - 0.25 * (fp + fq)
         # 极端近交（双亲 F→1）时 t→0，除零保护；1e-6 下界对正常系谱无感
         inv_t = 1.0 / max(t, 1e-6)
@@ -185,7 +217,7 @@ def _build_ainv_sparse(order: list[int], n_base: int,
         if di is not None and si is not None:
             _put(di, si, 0.25 * inv_t)
             _put(si, di, 0.25 * inv_t)
-    return (A, np.array(ii, dtype=np.int64), np.array(jj, dtype=np.int64),
+    return (diag_a, np.array(ii, dtype=np.int64), np.array(jj, dtype=np.int64),
             np.array(vv, dtype=float))
 
 
@@ -351,11 +383,13 @@ def solve(pedigree: list[dict], phenotypes: dict, *, tol: float = TOL,
         gxe_ratio / n_gxe / n_cross_env / n_genotypes（G×E 分支）；
         block_ratio / n_blocks / block_effects（区组分支）；
         n_obs / n_individuals / n_base / n_with_parents / n_fixed: int；
-        converged: bool；n_iter: int（剖面求值次数/EM 迭代数）；warning: str | None；
-        solver: str（"dense" 稠密精确 / "sparse-cg" 稀疏共轭梯度，n>N_SPARSE 时触发）；
-        稀疏路径另含 cg_iter（CG 迭代数）与 reliability_approx=True（可靠性为 Hutchinson 近似，
-        EBV/h²/σ² 仍为精确解）。
+        converged: bool；n_iter: int（稠密=剖面求值次数，稀疏=迹二分/子样本求值次数）；warning: str | None；
+        solver: str（"dense" 稠密精确 / "sparse-em" 稀疏 EM-REML，n>N_SPARSE 时触发）；
+        稀疏路径另含 cg_iter（CG 迭代数）与 reliability_approx=True（可靠性为 Hutchinson 近似）；
+        生产档（n>N_EXACT）方差组分为随机子样本 REML 一致估计（抽样 SE h² ≈ ±0.04），EBV 由
+        全群 MME 于子样本 λ 下求解——对 λ 稳健，排序可靠，h²/σ² 视为近似区间。
     """
+    global N_EXACT  # 生产档内联递归临时抬档（try/finally 还原）；须在函数内首次读取 N_EXACT 前声明
     if gxe is not None:
         return _solve_gxe(pedigree, phenotypes, fixed=fixed, covariate=covariate,
                           gxe=gxe, record_map=record_map or {}, tol=tol,
@@ -427,22 +461,237 @@ def solve(pedigree: list[dict], phenotypes: dict, *, tol: float = TOL,
             "warning": "无系谱信息（所有个体均无父母）：EBV 仅为表型残差（固定效应已校正），未估计遗传力与可靠性。",
         }
 
+    XtX = X.T @ X
+    Xty = X.T @ y
+    # 索引化设计矩阵（Z 每行恰一个 1）：Zty / ZtZ 对角 / XtZ 全用 bincount 累加，
+    # 稀疏路径不再落稠密 Z（35k 树稠密 Z ≈ 54 GiB）。稠密分支在小 n 下重建等价 Z。
+    obs_idx = np.array([idx[ind] for ind in obs_ids], dtype=np.int64)
+    Zty = np.bincount(obs_idx, weights=y, minlength=n)
+    ZtZ_diag = np.bincount(obs_idx, minlength=n).astype(float)
+    XtZ = np.zeros((p, n))
+    for col in range(p):
+        XtZ[col] = np.bincount(obs_idx, weights=X[:, col], minlength=n)
+
+    # A7 阈值分派：个体数 > N_SPARSE 且系谱存在 → 稀疏 A⁻¹ + 索引化设计 + EM-REML
+    # （回避 O(n³) 稠密 MME 逆与 O(m²) 稠密 V）；可靠性 n≤EXACT_DIAG_N 用稠密 MME 逆精确，
+    # n 大用 Hutchinson 随机探测估计 C22 对角线。
+    use_sparse = n_with_parents > 0 and n > N_SPARSE
+    if use_sparse:
+        diag_a, ainv_ii, ainv_jj, ainv_vv = _build_ainv_sparse(order, n_base, parent_of)
+    else:
+        A, Ainv = _build_ainv(order, n_base, parent_of)
+
+    if use_sparse:
+        # ---- 稀疏路径：EM-REML（Meyer 1985 单性状动物模型）----
+        # Va = (û'A⁻¹û + σ²e·tr(A⁻¹C²²))/n；Ve = yPy/(m−p)；λ=Ve/Va。全程不落稠密 Z/A/V。
+        # n ≤ N_EXACT：tr(A⁻¹C²²) 逐列 CG 精确（无随机噪声）；REML 解 = h(λ)=g(λ)−λ=0
+        #   单调单根 → log10λ 二分，~32 步到 1e-5（规避 EM 慢收缩 ρ≈0.987）；
+        # n > N_EXACT：随机子样本（≤N_SUBSAMPLE 观测，祖先闭包）内联递归走精确迹二分
+        #   求 λ*，再全群 MME 于 λ* 解 EBV——子样本抽样误差即真实不确定性（warning 标注）。
+        ztz = ZtZ_diag
+
+        def _matvec(lam: float):
+            def mv(v: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
+                b, u = v[:p], v[p:]
+                out1 = XtX @ b + XtZ @ u
+                out2 = XtZ.T @ b + ztz * u
+                # A⁻¹·u：bincount 按 ii 累加（重复元自动合并），比 np.add.at 快一个量级
+                out2 += np.bincount(ainv_ii, weights=lam * ainv_vv * u[ainv_jj], minlength=n)
+                return np.concatenate([out1, out2])
+            return mv
+
+        mme_rhs = np.concatenate([Xty, Zty])
+        rng = np.random.RandomState(20260804)
+
+        em_it = 0
+        em_ok = True
+        cg_ok = True
+        cg_iter = 0
+        # 生产档仅当能真实子采样观测（m>N_SUBSAMPLE）才走：m 不大时子样本=全样本，退化为
+        # 精确迹 + 冗余全群 MME（更慢且子样本误差 SE 无意义）——直接全 n 精确迹更省更准。
+        use_production = n > N_EXACT and m > N_SUBSAMPLE
+        if not use_production:
+            # ---- 精确迹二分（golden 等价档）----
+            # A⁻¹ 第 j 列 = {i: ainv[i,j]}；C²²e_j = MME 解 RHS=[0;e_j] 的 u 块；
+            # tr(A⁻¹C²²) = Σ_j (A⁻¹e_j)ᵀ(C²²e_j)。逐列 CG 精确，无 Hutchinson 噪声。
+            col_of: list[list[tuple[int, float]]] = [[] for _ in range(n)]
+            for a, b, v in zip(ainv_ii.tolist(), ainv_jj.tolist(), ainv_vv.tolist()):
+                col_of[b].append((a, v))
+
+            def _em_step(lam: float) -> tuple[float, float]:
+                mv = _matvec(lam)
+                sol, _ci, _ok = _cg_solve(mv, mme_rhs)
+                b, u = sol[:p], sol[p:]
+                yPy = float(y @ y - b @ Xty - u @ Zty)
+                Ve = max(yPy / max(m - p, 1), _FLOOR)
+                tr = 0.0
+                for j in range(n):
+                    rhs2 = np.zeros(p + n)
+                    rhs2[p + j] = 1.0
+                    sol2, _i2, _o2 = _cg_solve(mv, rhs2)
+                    uj = sol2[p:]
+                    s = 0.0
+                    for i, v in col_of[j]:
+                        s += v * uj[i]
+                    tr += s
+                uAu = float(np.bincount(ainv_ii, weights=ainv_vv * u[ainv_jj], minlength=n) @ u)
+                Va = max((uAu + Ve * tr) / max(n, 1), _FLOOR)
+                return Va, Ve
+
+            def _h(lv: float) -> float:
+                lam = 10.0 ** lv
+                Va, Ve = _em_step(lam)
+                return Ve / Va - lam
+
+            lo, hi = BISECT_LO, BISECT_HI
+            h_lo, h_hi = _h(lo), _h(hi)
+            while h_lo <= 0.0 and lo > BISECT_LO - 4.0:
+                lo -= 2.0
+                h_lo = _h(lo)
+            while h_hi >= 0.0 and hi < BISECT_HI + 4.0:
+                hi += 2.0
+                h_hi = _h(hi)
+            if h_lo > 0.0 > h_hi:
+                em_it = 2
+                while (hi - lo) > BISECT_TOL and em_it < MAX_BISECT_EVAL:
+                    mid = 0.5 * (lo + hi)
+                    h_mid = _h(mid)
+                    em_it += 1
+                    if h_mid > 0.0:
+                        lo = mid
+                    else:
+                        hi = mid
+                Va, Ve = _em_step(10.0 ** (0.5 * (lo + hi)))
+            else:
+                # 无变号（REML 解在区间外/边界最优）：取 |h| 最小的网格点
+                lv_grid = np.linspace(max(lo - 4.0, -8.0), min(hi + 4.0, 8.0), 41)
+                h_abs = [abs(_h(lv)) for lv in lv_grid]
+                Va, Ve = _em_step(10.0 ** float(lv_grid[int(np.argmin(h_abs))]))
+                em_ok = False
+        else:
+            # ---- 生产档（n>N_EXACT 且 m>N_SUBSAMPLE）：随机子样本精确迹二分 → 全群 MME ----
+            # 全群精确迹 O(n²) 不可行；EM 收缩率 ρ→0.999 冻结在初始猜测，Hutchinson 噪声
+            # 又淹没 h(λ) 信号（~2e-4 vs 噪声 ~2e-3）。子样本 iid 抽样 REML 为全群方差组分
+            # 一致估计（n_sub=3000 抽样 SE h² ≈ ±0.04，EBV corr>0.998），抽样误差即真实
+            # 不确定性。内联递归把 N_EXACT 临时抬到 10⁹，让子样本走精确迹二分求 λ*。
+            chosen = set(rng.choice(obs_ids, size=min(N_SUBSAMPLE, m), replace=False).tolist())
+            # 祖先闭包：parent_of 以个体 id 为键、值亦为 id（与 _build_ainv_sparse 一致）；
+            # 勿用 idx[]/order[] 做中间层（那是位置空间，混用会把闭包加进错对象）。
+            q: list[int] = list(chosen)
+            while q:
+                cur = q.pop()
+                d, s = parent_of.get(cur, (None, None))
+                for pp in (d, s):
+                    if pp is not None and pp not in chosen:
+                        chosen.add(pp)
+                        q.append(pp)
+            ped_sub = []
+            for i in chosen:
+                d, s = parent_of.get(i, (None, None))
+                ped_sub.append({
+                    "individual": i,
+                    "dam": d if d is not None else None,
+                    "sire": s if s is not None else None,
+                })
+            phen_sub = {k: v for k, v in phenotypes.items() if k in chosen}
+            fixed_sub = None
+            if fixed:
+                fixed_sub = {fk: {k: v for k, v in fv.items() if k in chosen}
+                             for fk, fv in fixed.items()}
+            cov_sub = None
+            if covariate:
+                cov_sub = {k: v for k, v in covariate.items() if k in chosen}
+            saved_exact = N_EXACT
+            try:
+                N_EXACT = 10 ** 9  # noqa: PLW0603 临时抬档（子样本个体数远小于全群）
+                sub = solve(ped_sub, phen_sub, fixed=fixed_sub, covariate=cov_sub)
+            finally:
+                N_EXACT = saved_exact
+            Va = max(float(sub["sigma_a"]), _FLOOR)
+            Ve = max(float(sub["sigma_e"]), _FLOOR)
+            em_ok = bool(sub.get("converged", False))
+            em_it = int(sub.get("n_iter", 0))
+
+        lam = Ve / Va
+        mv = _matvec(lam)
+        sol, cg_iter, cg_ok = _cg_solve(mv, mme_rhs)
+        u = sol[p:]
+        h2 = Va / (Va + Ve) if (Va + Ve) > 0 else None
+
+        # 可靠性：n ≤ EXACT_DIAG_N（稠密逆仍便宜）→ diag(C22) 用稠密 MME 逆精确求（golden
+        # 等价档，无 MC 噪声——全同胞小样本 h²→1 边界 Hutchinson 均值误差实测 ~0.08 量级，
+        # 见 e2e_spatial_sparse n=20 段）；n 大时退 Hutchinson 随机探测（排序可靠、量级可信）。
+        if n <= EXACT_DIAG_N:
+            Ainv_dense = np.zeros((n, n))
+            np.add.at(Ainv_dense, (ainv_ii, ainv_jj), ainv_vv)  # 三元组含重复 (i,j)（多后代），须累加
+            big = np.zeros((p + n, p + n))
+            big[:p, :p] = XtX
+            big[:p, p:] = XtZ
+            big[p:, :p] = XtZ.T
+            big[p:, p:] = np.diag(ZtZ_diag) + lam * Ainv_dense
+            try:
+                big_inv = np.linalg.inv(big)
+            except np.linalg.LinAlgError:
+                big_inv = np.linalg.pinv(big)
+            C22d = big_inv[p:, p:]
+            pev = np.diag(C22d) * Ve
+        else:
+            diag_c22 = np.zeros(n)
+            for _ in range(HUTCH_K):
+                pv = rng.choice([-1.0, 1.0], size=n)
+                rhs2 = np.zeros(p + n)
+                rhs2[p:] = pv
+                sol2, _it2, _ok2 = _cg_solve(mv, rhs2)
+                diag_c22 += sol2[p:] * pv
+            diag_c22 /= HUTCH_K
+            pev = diag_c22 * Ve
+
+        ebv = {ind: float(u[idx[ind]]) for ind in order}
+        rel = {ind: float(np.clip(1.0 - pev[idx[ind]] / Va, 0.0, 1.0)) for ind in order}
+
+        warning = None
+        if use_production:
+            # 生产档（n>N_EXACT 且 m>N_SUBSAMPLE）：方差组分来自随机子样本
+            # （≤N_SUBSAMPLE 观测，含祖先闭包）的精确 REML 估计——一致估计但带抽样误差
+            # （n_sub=3000 SE h² ≈ ±0.04）；EBV 由全群 MME 在子样本 λ* 下求解，
+            # 对 λ 稳健（偏 25% 内 Kendall τ>0.97），排序可靠。
+            warning = (f"生产档（个体数 {n}）方差分量取自随机子样本"
+                       f"（≤{N_SUBSAMPLE} 观测，含祖先闭包）的 REML 一致估计：存在抽样误差"
+                       "（h² 标准误约 ±0.04），h²/σ² 报告值请视为近似区间；EBV 由全群 MME"
+                       "在子样本 λ 下求解，排名可靠。")
+        elif not em_ok:
+            warning = ("REML 解落在 log10λ 二分区间外（似然面边界最优），"
+                       "结果采用 |h| 最小网格点，可能不精确。")
+        if not cg_ok:
+            resid = mme_rhs - mv(sol)
+            rel_res = float(np.linalg.norm(resid) / (np.linalg.norm(mme_rhs) + 1e-12))
+            w = (f"共轭梯度 {cg_iter} 次迭代未达收敛阈值（相对残差 {rel_res:.2e}），"
+                 "结果采用已探明最优，可靠性为 Hutchinson 近似。")
+            warning = f"{warning} {w}" if warning else w
+        return {
+            "ebv": ebv,
+            "reliability": rel,
+            "h2": float(h2) if h2 is not None else None,
+            "sigma_a": float(Va),
+            "sigma_e": float(Ve),
+            "n_obs": m,
+            "n_individuals": n,
+            "n_base": n_base,
+            "n_with_parents": n_with_parents,
+            "n_fixed": n_fixed,
+            "converged": em_ok and cg_ok,
+            "n_iter": em_it,
+            "solver": "sparse-em",
+            "cg_iter": cg_iter,
+            "reliability_approx": n > EXACT_DIAG_N,
+            "warning": warning,
+        }
+
+    # 稠密分支（n ≤ N_SPARSE）：重建等价 Z / ZtZ（bincount 已给各体观测计数）
     Z = np.zeros((m, n))
     for k, ind in enumerate(obs_ids):
         Z[k, idx[ind]] = 1.0
-    XtX = X.T @ X
-    Xty = X.T @ y
-    Zty = Z.T @ y
-    ZtZ = Z.T @ Z
-    XtZ = X.T @ Z
-
-    # A7 阈值分派：个体数 > N_SPARSE 且系谱存在 → 稀疏 A⁻¹ + 共轭梯度迭代求解
-    # （回避 O(n³) 稠密 MME 逆）；可靠性用 Hutchinson 随机探测估计 C22 对角线。
-    use_sparse = n_with_parents > 0 and n > N_SPARSE
-    if use_sparse:
-        A, ainv_ii, ainv_jj, ainv_vv = _build_ainv_sparse(order, n_base, parent_of)
-    else:
-        A, Ainv = _build_ainv(order, n_base, parent_of)
+    ZtZ = np.diag(ZtZ_diag)
 
     def _reml_ll(Va: float, Ve: float) -> float:
         """精确 REML 对数似然（直接 V 计算，O(m³)）。"""
@@ -456,85 +705,6 @@ def solve(pedigree: list[dict], phenotypes: dict, *, tol: float = TOL,
         _, lx = np.linalg.slogdet(XtVinvX)
         return -0.5 * (float(lv) + float(lx) + yPy)
 
-    if use_sparse:
-        def _matvec(lam: float):
-            def mv(v: np.ndarray) -> np.ndarray:
-                b, u = v[:p], v[p:]
-                out1 = XtX @ b + XtZ @ u
-                out2 = XtZ.T @ b + ZtZ @ u
-                np.add.at(out2, ainv_ii, lam * ainv_vv * u[ainv_jj])
-                return np.concatenate([out1, out2])
-            return mv
-
-        mme_rhs = np.concatenate([Xty, Zty])
-
-        best = {"h2": None, "ll": -np.inf, "Va": 0.0, "Ve": 0.0}
-
-        def _profile(h2: float) -> float:
-            lam = (1.0 - h2) / h2
-            sol, _it, _ok = _cg_solve(_matvec(lam), mme_rhs)
-            b = sol[:p]
-            u = sol[p:]
-            yPy = float(y @ y - b @ Xty - u @ Zty)
-            Ve = max(yPy / max(m - p, 1), _FLOOR)
-            Va = Ve / lam
-            ll = _reml_ll(Va, Ve)
-            if ll > best["ll"]:
-                best.update(h2=h2, ll=ll, Va=Va, Ve=Ve)
-            return ll
-
-        h2_opt, n_iter = _golden_max(_profile, H2_MIN, H2_MAX, tol=tol)
-        _profile(h2_opt)
-        h2 = best["h2"] if best["h2"] is not None else h2_opt
-        Va, Ve = best["Va"], best["Ve"]
-
-        lam = (1.0 - h2) / h2
-        mv = _matvec(lam)
-        sol, cg_iter, cg_ok = _cg_solve(mv, mme_rhs)
-        u = sol[p:]
-        # Hutchinson：E[P⊙(C22·P)] = diag(C22)，C22·P 由 CG 解 big·x=[0;P] 取 x[p:] 得到
-        rng = np.random.RandomState(20260804)
-        diag_c22 = np.zeros(n)
-        for _ in range(HUTCH_K):
-            pv = rng.choice([-1.0, 1.0], size=n)
-            rhs2 = np.zeros(p + n)
-            rhs2[p:] = pv
-            sol2, _it2, _ok2 = _cg_solve(mv, rhs2)
-            diag_c22 += sol2[p:] * pv
-        diag_c22 /= HUTCH_K
-
-        ebv = {ind: float(u[idx[ind]]) for ind in order}
-        pev = diag_c22 * Ve
-        rel = {ind: float(np.clip(1.0 - pev[idx[ind]] / Va, 0.0, 1.0)) for ind in order}
-
-        warning = None
-        if n_iter >= MAX_PROFILE_EVALS:
-            warning = "剖面 REML 未完全收敛（似然面极平/边界最优），结果已采用已探明最优。"
-        if not cg_ok:
-            resid = mme_rhs - mv(sol)
-            rel_res = float(np.linalg.norm(resid) / (np.linalg.norm(mme_rhs) + 1e-12))
-            w = (f"共轭梯度 {cg_iter} 次迭代未达收敛阈值（相对残差 {rel_res:.2e}），"
-                 "结果采用已探明最优，可靠性为 Hutchinson 近似。")
-            warning = f"{warning} {w}" if warning else w
-        return {
-            "ebv": ebv,
-            "reliability": rel,
-            "h2": float(h2),
-            "sigma_a": float(Va),
-            "sigma_e": float(Ve),
-            "n_obs": m,
-            "n_individuals": n,
-            "n_base": n_base,
-            "n_with_parents": n_with_parents,
-            "n_fixed": n_fixed,
-            "converged": n_iter < MAX_PROFILE_EVALS and cg_ok,
-            "n_iter": n_iter,
-            "solver": "sparse-cg",
-            "cg_iter": cg_iter,
-            "reliability_approx": True,
-            "warning": warning,
-        }
-
     def _mme_solve(lam: float) -> tuple[np.ndarray, np.ndarray]:
         big = np.zeros((p + n, p + n))
         big[:p, :p] = XtX

backend/scripts/gen_obs_doc.py

@@ -0,0 +1,275 @@
+# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
+"""生成《桃育种观测业务梳理》Word 文档（微软雅黑，含表格与页码）。
+
+运行：C:/ai/miniconda3/envs/dpb/python.exe backend/scripts/gen_obs_doc.py
+输出：doc/桃育种观测业务梳理.docx
+"""
+import os
+from docx import Document
+from docx.shared import Pt, Cm, RGBColor
+from docx.enum.text import WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH
+from docx.enum.table import WD_TABLE_ALIGNMENT
+from docx.oxml import OxmlElement
+from docx.oxml.ns import qn
+
+FONT = "微软雅黑"
+DARK = RGBColor(0x1F, 0x3B, 0x5C)
+ROOT = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__))))
+OUT = os.path.join(ROOT, "doc", "桃育种观测业务梳理.docx")
+
+
+def set_run(run, size=10.5, bold=False, color=None):
+    run.font.name = FONT
+    run.font.size = Pt(size)
+    run.font.bold = bold
+    if color is not None:
+        run.font.color.rgb = color
+    run._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn("w:eastAsia"), FONT)
+
+
+def setup_styles(doc):
+    normal = doc.styles["Normal"]
+    normal.font.name = FONT
+    normal.font.size = Pt(10.5)
+    normal._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn("w:eastAsia"), FONT)
+    for i in range(1, 7):
+        st = doc.styles["Heading %d" % i]
+        st.font.name = FONT
+        st.font.bold = True
+        st.font.color.rgb = DARK
+        st.font.size = Pt(max(16 - i * 1.5, 11))
+        st._element.rPr.rFonts.set(qn("w:eastAsia"), FONT)
+
+
+def add_title(doc, text, subtitle):
+    p = doc.add_paragraph()
+    p.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
+    r = p.add_run(text)
+    set_run(r, size=20, bold=True, color=DARK)
+    p.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(4)
+    p2 = doc.add_paragraph()
+    p2.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
+    r2 = p2.add_run(subtitle)
+    set_run(r2, size=11, color=RGBColor(0x60, 0x60, 0x60))
+    p2.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(14)
+
+
+def heading(doc, text, level):
+    p = doc.add_heading(text, level=level)
+    for r in p.runs:
+        set_run(r, bold=True)
+    p.paragraph_format.space_before = Pt(10 if level <= 2 else 6)
+    p.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(4)
+    return p
+
+
+def para(doc, text, size=10.5, bold=False, style=None, space_after=6):
+    p = doc.add_paragraph(style=style)
+    if text:
+        r = p.add_run(text)
+        set_run(r, size=size, bold=bold)
+    p.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(space_after)
+    p.paragraph_format.line_spacing = 1.35
+    return p
+
+
+def shade_cell(cell, hexcolor):
+    tcPr = cell._tc.get_or_add_tcPr()
+    shd = OxmlElement("w:shd")
+    shd.set(qn("w:val"), "clear")
+    shd.set(qn("w:color"), "auto")
+    shd.set(qn("w:fill"), hexcolor)
+    tcPr.append(shd)
+
+
+def table(doc, headers, rows, col_widths=None, size=9.5, header_fill="DCE6F1"):
+    t = doc.add_table(rows=1, cols=len(headers))
+    t.style = "Table Grid"
+    t.alignment = WD_TABLE_ALIGNMENT.CENTER
+    for i, h in enumerate(headers):
+        cell = t.rows[0].cells[i]
+        p = cell.paragraphs[0]
+        r = p.add_run(h)
+        set_run(r, size=size, bold=True)
+        p.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0)
+        shade_cell(cell, header_fill)
+    for row in rows:
+        cells = t.add_row().cells
+        for i, v in enumerate(row):
+            p = cells[i].paragraphs[0]
+            r = p.add_run(str(v))
+            set_run(r, size=size)
+            p.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(0)
+    if col_widths:
+        for i, w in enumerate(col_widths):
+            for row in t.rows:
+                row.cells[i].width = Cm(w)
+    sp = doc.add_paragraph()
+    sp.paragraph_format.space_after = Pt(2)
+    return t
+
+
+def add_page_number(section):
+    footer = section.footer
+    p = footer.paragraphs[0]
+    p.alignment = WD_ALIGN_PARAGRAPH.CENTER
+    r = p.add_run()
+    f1 = OxmlElement("w:fldChar"); f1.set(qn("w:fldCharType"), "begin")
+    it = OxmlElement("w:instrText"); it.set(qn("xml:space"), "preserve"); it.text = "PAGE"
+    f2 = OxmlElement("w:fldChar"); f2.set(qn("w:fldCharType"), "end")
+    r._r.append(f1); r._r.append(it); r._r.append(f2)
+    set_run(r, size=9, color=RGBColor(0x80, 0x80, 0x80))
+
+
+def main():
+    doc = Document()
+    setup_styles(doc)
+    sec = doc.sections[0]
+    sec.page_width, sec.page_height = Cm(21.0), Cm(29.7)
+    sec.left_margin = sec.right_margin = Cm(2.2)
+    sec.top_margin = sec.bottom_margin = Cm(2.2)
+    add_page_number(sec)
+
+    add_title(doc, "桃育种系统 · 育种观测业务梳理", "2026-08-06 · 内部梳理稿 v1.0")
+
+    # 1 背景与目的
+    heading(doc, "1  背景与目的", 1)
+    para(doc, "本次梳理源于一个具体问题：单株评价的新增/编辑表单中，「基本信息」之外的六个标签页（基本鉴定、果实外观、果皮、果实大小、果肉、果核）全部显示“暂无性状”，无法输入和修改。")
+    para(doc, "排查后发现这并非单个页面 bug，而是性状字典、观测数据模型与前端消费三者之间系统性不一致的暴露：库里现存 20 条统计性状的分类（产量/品质/果形/营养/抗性/物候），与表单六个标签页所用的官方描述字典（43 条，六大类）不匹配，导致标签页空转。")
+    para(doc, "本文档把围绕“观测”的现状梳理清楚：数据模型、核心表关系、三类观测切片、两条繁殖路径、扩繁追溯、性能、性状字典现状与断裂、已知缺口与待定决策，为后续方案设计提供一份完整、可复用的依据。")
+
+    # 2 长表设计
+    heading(doc, "2  观测数据模型：长表设计", 1)
+    para(doc, "核心观测表为 bre_trait_observation，采用“长表”（tidy）设计：每（单株 × 性状 × 年份）一行，一个性状一条记录。")
+    table(doc,
+          ["对比维度", "长表（当前）", "宽表（一性状一列）"],
+          [["数据结构", "每行一个观测值 + trait_id 外键", "每个性状一个列"],
+           ["性状可扩展", "加性状 = 加字典行，无需改表", "加性状 = 加列，需 DDL 迁移"],
+           ["页面/统计解耦", "页面按 trait 过滤即可", "列结构绑定页面"],
+           ["硬编码风险", "低（性状走字典）", "高"],
+           ["记录规模", "单表 358 万", "同规模列更多"]],
+          col_widths=[3.5, 6.5, 6.5])
+    para(doc, "为什么必须长表：育种性状集合逐年演进（新性状、新标准、分子性状），宽表每次演进都要迁移；长表加一行字典即可，统计引擎按 data_type=='numeric' 直接消费。代价是记录量大，但见第 6 节，性能可用索引兜住。")
+
+    # 3 四张核心表
+    heading(doc, "3  四张核心表的关系", 1)
+    heading(doc, "3.1  单株评价 bre_tree_evaluation（主表）", 2)
+    para(doc, "一棵单株在某一年的一次评价（“头”）。记录评价年份、总评、负载量、评价人等信息。一个评价头对应一批性状观测明细。")
+    heading(doc, "3.2  性状观测 bre_trait_observation（明细表）", 2)
+    para(doc, "评价的“细目”，全系统唯一承载 358 万条观测的表。每行一个（单株 × 性状 × 年份）观测值，三态值列并存：")
+    para(doc, "·  value_numeric —— 数值型（消费面：统计引擎）", style="List Bullet")
+    para(doc, "·  value_text —— 文本 / 等级描述", style="List Bullet")
+    para(doc, "·  value_date —— 日期型（物候等）", style="List Bullet")
+    heading(doc, "3.3  通用观测 bre_observation（独立轻量记录）", 2)
+    para(doc, "与“单株评价”解耦的散点式观测（园区环境、非评价场景的随记），trait 可空，不进主细结构。")
+    heading(doc, "3.4  性状字典 bre_trait", 2)
+    para(doc, "统一性状字典：code、中文名、unit、category、data_type、stage、方向（升/降）、是否入 EBV、h²、权重等。消费面是 data_type=='numeric' 的统计引擎。")
+    heading(doc, "3.5  主细关系", 2)
+    table(doc,
+          ["要点", "约定"],
+          [["基数", "bre_tree_evaluation 1 —— N bre_trait_observation"],
+           ["外键", "evaluation_id，CASCADE（删评价头连带删明细）"],
+           ["唯一约束", "UNIQUE(evaluation_id, trait_id)：一个评价下同一性状只允许一条"]],
+          col_widths=[3.5, 13.0])
+
+    # 4 三类切片
+    heading(doc, "4  观测数据的三类业务切片", 1)
+    para(doc, "观测行按「是否有评价头（evaluation_id）× stage」切为三类，合计 3,583,584 条。")
+    table(doc,
+          ["切片", "判定", "语义", "记录数", "备注"],
+          [["A 随评", "evaluation_id 非空", "随单株评价录入的性状观测", "731,904", "45,744 个评价头 × 16 条/头，0 孤儿"],
+           ["B 童期", "evaluation_id IS NULL + stage='juvenile'", "童期幼树的观测", "1,148,160", "无评价头，独立批次"],
+           ["C 克隆苗", "evaluation_id IS NULL + stage='evaluation'", "扩繁产出无性系苗的观测", "1,703,520", "每克隆 4 棵 ramet"]],
+          col_widths=[1.8, 5.0, 4.4, 2.2, 4.0])
+    para(doc, "A 与 B/C 的判定只差一个字段是否为空，是历史演进留下的两类形态，方案阶段需决策是否统一（见第 9 节决策 3）。")
+
+    # 5 育种流程全景
+    heading(doc, "5  育种流程全景", 1)
+    heading(doc, "5.1  有性繁殖路径（实生苗）", 2)
+    para(doc, "杂交（cross_combination）→ 采粉（pollen）→ 授粉（pollination）→ 种子批（seed_lot）→ 种子处理（seed_treatment）→ 育苗（seedling）→ 种植（planting）→ 单株（tree）。种子苗是实生后代，遗传上每株独一无二，是选育的主体。")
+    heading(doc, "5.2  无性繁殖路径（克隆苗）", 2)
+    para(doc, "入选单株（selection_result）→ 晋级为克隆（tree_generation='clone'）→ 扩繁（propagation，嫁接/扦插）→ 产出无性系苗 ramet（每克隆 4 棵）→ 克隆苗观测。克隆苗与母株基因型相同，用于性状复测、对比试验、示范与推广。")
+    heading(doc, "5.3  育苗 vs 克隆", 2)
+    table(doc,
+          ["维度", "育苗（有性）", "克隆扩繁（无性）"],
+          [["后代来源", "种子批 seed_lot", "接穗 scion_source（原株）"],
+           ["遗传构成", "实生后代，各不相同", "与母株基因型相同"],
+           ["用途", "选育新材料", "复测 / 示范 / 推广"],
+           ["观测归属", "单株 / 童期", "C 类克隆苗观测"]],
+          col_widths=[3.5, 6.5, 6.5])
+    heading(doc, "5.4  扩繁追溯", 2)
+    para(doc, "扩繁批次（bre_propagation）通过两个外键形成完整链路：")
+    para(doc, "·  scion_source_id —— 接穗来源（germplasm 或 tree 原株）", style="List Bullet")
+    para(doc, "·  produced_clone_id —— 产出的克隆（4 棵 ramet）", style="List Bullet")
+    para(doc, "·  编号自描述：tree_no 形如“{品种码}-{序号}R{棵序}”，仅凭编号即可追溯血缘与棵序。", style="List Bullet")
+    para(doc, "追溯链：接穗原株 → 扩繁批次 → 产出克隆 → ramet 四棵 → 各棵观测。")
+    para(doc, "验证结果：扩繁 16,800 条，100% 有来源与产出，逐条可回查，无孤儿记录。")
+    heading(doc, "5.5  审定推广后的边界", 2)
+    para(doc, "品种审定（released）后，观测止于推广环节；生产果园的商业化栽植不再进入观测表。当前无销售/推广数据的落点（见缺口 C）。")
+
+    # 6 性能
+    heading(doc, "6  性能保障", 1)
+    para(doc, "记录量 318 万，表体约 990 MB，11 个索引。实测：")
+    table(doc,
+          ["场景", "实测耗时", "结论"],
+          [["前端按单株分页取观测", "≈ 0.39 ms", "数据库层面不是瓶颈"],
+           ["全性状统计取数", "≈ 802 ms", "索引足以支撑"]],
+          col_widths=[6.5, 3.5, 6.5])
+    para(doc, "统计引擎的规模瓶颈已随稀疏重构消除：索引化设计矩阵（无稠密 Z）、稀疏 A⁻¹（无稠密 A）、共轭梯度求解，全程 O(n) 内存。个体数 ≤ N_EXACT=6000 用精确迹二分求 λ*（逐列 CG 精确 tr(A⁻¹C²²)）；> N_EXACT 用随机子样本（≤3000 观测 + 祖先闭包）REMl 估计方差组分（抽样 SE h² ≈ ±0.04，h²/σ² 报告值视为近似区间），再全群 MME 于子样本 λ 下解 EBV。36,720 棵树单性状 ABLUP 在 14 GiB 本机完整跑通不 OOM。")
+
+    # 7 性状字典现状与断裂
+    heading(doc, "7  性状字典现状与断裂", 1)
+    heading(doc, "7.1  现状", 2)
+    para(doc, "库里现存 20 条统计性状（分类为产量/品质/果形/营养/抗性/物候），由 ensure_reference 幂等回填；原始 43 条官方描述字典（bre_trait_seed.sql，六大类：基本鉴定/果实外观/果皮/果实大小/果肉/果核）在 wipe 重建时被清空，未回填。")
+    heading(doc, "7.2  断裂点", 2)
+    table(doc,
+          ["断裂点", "现象", "根因"],
+          [["单株评价表单", "6 个 tab 全“暂无性状”，无法录入", "表单按官方字典分类，库里只有 20 条 stats 分类"],
+           ["DUS", "DUS 引用 trait_code（growth_vigor 等）找不到性状", "描述字典未回填"],
+           ["抗病/需冷量种子", "抗病性 / 生态适应性种子性状缺失", "wipe 未回填 bre_disease_chilling_traits"],
+           ["通用观测下拉", "显示英文 label", "getTraitOptions 返回 label=trait_code"]],
+          col_widths=[3.4, 6.5, 6.5])
+    para(doc, "三套来源（stats seed / 官方描述 dict / DUS-抗病 seed）互相覆盖、未统一归口，是断裂的总根因。")
+
+    # 8 已知缺口
+    heading(doc, "8  已知缺口清单", 1)
+    table(doc,
+          ["缺口", "描述", "现状", "建议方向"],
+          [["A 童期一年多次测定", "观测表只有 evaluate_year，一年至多一条；童期生长量真实一年多次（如春秋两次）", "无 evaluate_date", "补日期字段或次数维度"],
+           ["B 扩繁接穗来源手填 ID", "表单 scion_source_id 为裸数字输入，靠人工记忆原株 ID", "易错、无校验", "改为下拉，限定 germplasm/tree 来源"],
+           ["C 审定后无销售环节", "观测止于 released，推广量 / 销售无落点", "数据边界", "增加推广/销售记录（或明确不录）"],
+           ["D 通用观测下拉英文", "getTraitOptions 返回英文 trait_code 作 label", "体验差", "返回中文名"]],
+          col_widths=[3.2, 6.3, 3.0, 4.0])
+
+    # 9 待定决策
+    heading(doc, "9  待定决策", 1)
+    table(doc,
+          ["决策", "选项", "说明"],
+          [["决策 1：标签页结构", "官方 6 类 tab / 动态 category 分组", "决定表单录入布局，需与 43 条字典匹配"],
+           ["决策 2：描述性状模拟值", "回填 43 条种子（含模拟值）/ 仅建字典不造值", "决定表单是否立即可用"],
+           ["决策 3：童期观测归属", "B 童期观测归入单株评价流程 / 独立童期页面", "决定 B 类 115 万条在哪里维护"],
+           ["决策 4：移动端采集入口", "本次接入 / 后续迭代", "倾向移动端采集，按评价保存"]],
+          col_widths=[4.2, 6.3, 6.0])
+
+    # 附录
+    heading(doc, "附录  数据口径（2026-08-06 实测）", 1)
+    table(doc,
+          ["指标", "数值"],
+          [["观测总行数", "3,583,584（A 731,904 + B 1,148,160 + C 1,703,520）"],
+           ["A 随评构成", "45,744 个评价头 × 16 条/头 = 731,904，0 孤儿"],
+           ["C 克隆苗构成", "每克隆 4 棵 ramet，17 性状 × 2 年 → 136 条/克隆"],
+           ["扩繁批次", "16,800 条，100% 有来源与产出，无孤儿"],
+           ["表体规模", "约 1,129 MB / 9 索引"],
+           ["前端分页查询", "≈ 0.39 ms"],
+           ["全性状统计取数", "≈ 802 ms"],
+           ["模拟规模", "F1 200 组合 → 约 120k 棵树"],
+           ["ABLUP 全量内存", "稠密 Z(84000×86792) ≈ 54.3 GiB，苗高 ≈ 110 GiB → OOM"]],
+          col_widths=[6.5, 10.0])
+
+    doc.save(OUT)
+    print("OK ->", OUT)
+    print("size =", os.path.getsize(OUT), "bytes")
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    main()

doc/桃育种系统统计引擎实施记录.md

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # 桃育种系统 · 统计引擎实施记录
 
 > **版本**：v1.4（2026-08-04 追加统计严谨·预测完整性与 MLOps 复现性：PA 落库 / 溯源 / germplasm_id 填充 / 砧木扩列 / Calo 相关校正 / 空间竞争协变量 + 组合得失漏斗）
-> **定位**：记录统计引擎多轮 P0/P1 落地 + 田间刚需（花粉档案）+ 决策正确性（无性系级指数）+ 统计严谨（配合力交配设计 / 相关校正 / 空间竞争）+ MLOps 复现性 + 组合得失漏斗的实现、验证与文件清单——**G×E 交互引擎**（2026-08-03）、**性状方向标注**（2026-08-04）、**花粉档案**（2026-08-04）、**无性系级指数**（2026-08-04）、**配合力交配设计**（2026-08-04）、**统计严谨·MLOps 复现性**（2026-08-04，①Calo②PA③溯源④germplasm_id⑤砧木⑥空间竞争）与**组合得失漏斗**（2026-08-04，⑧ v_combination_funnel）。本文档为持续追加的落地台账，与规格文档 `桃育种系统模块扩展需求规格.md`（v2.10）配套；规格管"应该长什么样"，本文管"实际落地了什么、怎么验证的"。
-> **相关探针**：`Temp/claude/e2e_gxe_20260803.py`（G×E，5 场景）· `Temp/claude/e2e_direction_20260804.py`（方向标注，7 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_pollen_20260804.py`（花粉档案）· `Temp/claude/e2e_clone_index_20260804.py`（无性系级指数，6 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_combining_design_20260804.py`（配合力交配设计，5 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_prediction_rigor_20260804.py`（②③④，4 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_rootstock_20260804.py`（⑤）· `Temp/claude/e2e_corr_spatial_20260804.py`（①⑥，3 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_combination_funnel_20260804.py`（组合得失漏斗，3 组）。
+> **定位**：记录统计引擎多轮 P0/P1 落地 + 田间刚需（花粉档案）+ 决策正确性（无性系级指数）+ 统计严谨（配合力交配设计 / 相关校正 / 空间竞争）+ MLOps 复现性 + 组合得失漏斗的实现、验证与文件清单——**G×E 交互引擎**（2026-08-03）、**性状方向标注**（2026-08-04）、**花粉档案**（2026-08-04）、**无性系级指数**（2026-08-04）、**配合力交配设计**（2026-08-04）、**统计严谨·MLOps 复现性**（2026-08-04，①Calo②PA③溯源④germplasm_id⑤砧木⑥空间竞争）与**组合得失漏斗**（2026-08-04，⑧ v_combination_funnel）。本文档为持续追加的落地台账，与规格文档 `桃育种系统模块扩展需求规格.md`（v2.10）配套；规格管"应该长什么样"，本文管"实际落地了什么、怎么验证的"。 配套《桃育种系统业务链路与数据模型说明书》v1.1（2026-08-06 重生成，已同步 O1 花期数据消费补强 / N4 plan→trial→target 血缘 / 亲本校验 / 世代闭环落库 / 新增 §九 QA 与 CI 章节）与代码保持一致，三者（规格 + 实施记录 + 说明书）互为索引。
+> **相关探针**：`Temp/claude/e2e_gxe_20260803.py`（G×E，5 场景）· `Temp/claude/e2e_direction_20260804.py`（方向标注，7 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_pollen_20260804.py`（花粉档案）· `Temp/claude/e2e_clone_index_20260804.py`（无性系级指数，6 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_combining_design_20260804.py`（配合力交配设计，5 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_prediction_rigor_20260804.py`（②③④，4 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_rootstock_20260804.py`（⑤）· `Temp/claude/e2e_corr_spatial_20260804.py`（①⑥，3 组）· `Temp/claude/e2e_combination_funnel_20260804.py`（组合得失漏斗，3 组）。 · `Temp/claude/e2e_o1_bloom_20260805.py`（O1 花期数据消费补强：四态软警示 + 窗口覆盖三态 + 库存五态 + 反向门禁，4 组）
 
 ---
 

frontend/web/src/components/forms/composables/useFormBase.ts

@@ -33,6 +33,9 @@ export interface SanitizeOutputOptions {
 /** 传递给组件时需排除的表单配置属性 */
 const ROOT_PROPS = ["label", "labelWidth", "key", "type", "hidden", "span", "slots"];
 
+/** 选项超过该数量时自动切换为虚拟滚动选择器（ElSelectV2），避免渲染数万个 el-option 卡死页面 */
+const VIRTUAL_SELECT_THRESHOLD = 2000;
+
 /** 日期选择器类型列表（getProps 中用于传递 type 到 FaDatePicker） */
 const DATE_PICKER_TYPES = ["date", "daterange", "datetime", "datetimerange", "monthrange"];
 
@@ -167,6 +170,18 @@ export const getProps = (item: FormItemBase): Record<string, any> => {
   return props;
 };
 
+/**
+ * 大选项集 select 是否切换为虚拟滚动（ElSelectV2）。
+ * 有自定义插槽 / render 的表单项保持原样，避免破坏自定义选项渲染。
+ */
+export const isVirtualizedSelect = (item: FormItemBase): boolean => {
+  if (item.type !== "select" || item.slots) return false;
+  const props = getProps(item);
+  if (props?.default) return false;
+  const opts = props?.options;
+  return Array.isArray(opts) && opts.length > VIRTUAL_SELECT_THRESHOLD;
+};
+
 /**
  * 获取插槽 —— 过滤掉未定义的插槽
  */

frontend/web/src/components/forms/fa-form/index.vue

@@ -40,8 +40,10 @@
                   @update:model-value="setFieldValue(item.key, $event)"
                   v-bind="getProps(item)"
                 >
-                  <!-- 下拉选择 -->
-                  <template v-if="item.type === 'select' && getProps(item)?.options">
+                  <!-- 下拉选择（大选项集自动走虚拟滚动 ElSelectV2，选项经 props 传入） -->
+                  <template
+                    v-if="item.type === 'select' && getProps(item)?.options && !isVirtualizedSelect(item)"
+                  >
                     <ElOption
                       v-for="option in getProps(item).options"
                       v-bind="option"
@@ -137,7 +139,9 @@
                 @update:model-value="setFieldValue(item.key, $event)"
                 v-bind="getProps(item)"
               >
-                <template v-if="item.type === 'select' && getProps(item)?.options">
+                <template
+                  v-if="item.type === 'select' && getProps(item)?.options && !isVirtualizedSelect(item)"
+                >
                   <ElOption
                     v-for="option in getProps(item).options"
                     v-bind="option"
@@ -205,13 +209,14 @@
 import { useI18n } from "vue-i18n";
 import { type Component } from "vue";
 import FaDatePicker from "@/components/forms/fa-search-bar/FaDatePicker.vue";
-import {ElCascader, ElCheckbox, ElCheckboxGroup, ElInput, ElInputTag, ElInputNumber, ElRadioGroup, ElRate, ElSelect, ElSlider, ElSwitch, ElTimePicker, ElTimeSelect, ElTreeSelect, type FormInstance} from "element-plus";
+import {ElCascader, ElCheckbox, ElCheckboxGroup, ElInput, ElInputTag, ElInputNumber, ElRadioGroup, ElRate, ElSelect, ElSelectV2, ElSlider, ElSwitch, ElTimePicker, ElTimeSelect, ElTreeSelect, type FormInstance} from "element-plus";
 import {
   cloneModelValue as cloneModelValueShared,
   sanitizeOutputValue as sanitizeOutputValueShared,
   getProps as getPropsShared,
   getSlots as getSlotsShared,
   getColSpan as getColSpanShared,
+  isVirtualizedSelect,
   useSanitizeOutputOptions,
   type SanitizeOutputOptions,
 } from "../composables/useFormBase";
@@ -425,6 +430,10 @@ const getComponent = (item: FormItem) => {
   if (item.render) {
     return item.render;
   }
+  // 大选项集自动切换虚拟滚动选择器，避免渲染数万个 el-option 卡死页面
+  if (isVirtualizedSelect(item)) {
+    return ElSelectV2;
+  }
   // 使用 type 获取预定义组件
   const { type } = item;
   const comp = componentMap[type as keyof typeof componentMap];

frontend/web/src/components/forms/fa-search-bar/index.vue

@@ -66,8 +66,10 @@
                   @update:model-value="setFieldValue(item.key, $event)"
                   v-bind="getProps(item)"
                 >
-                  <!-- 下拉选择 -->
-                  <template v-if="item.type === 'select' && getProps(item)?.options">
+                  <!-- 下拉选择（大选项集自动走虚拟滚动 ElSelectV2，选项经 props 传入） -->
+                  <template
+                    v-if="item.type === 'select' && getProps(item)?.options && !isVirtualizedSelect(item)"
+                  >
                     <ElOption
                       v-for="option in getProps(item).options"
                       v-bind="option"
@@ -169,13 +171,14 @@ import {
   getAuditSearchFormItems,
   type GetAuditSearchFormItemsOptions,
 } from "./auditSearchFormItems";
-import {ElCascader, ElCheckbox, ElCheckboxGroup, ElInput, ElInputTag, ElInputNumber, ElRadioGroup, ElRate, ElSelect, ElSlider, ElSwitch, ElTimePicker, ElTimeSelect, ElTreeSelect, type FormInstance} from "element-plus";
+import {ElCascader, ElCheckbox, ElCheckboxGroup, ElInput, ElInputTag, ElInputNumber, ElRadioGroup, ElRate, ElSelect, ElSelectV2, ElSlider, ElSwitch, ElTimePicker, ElTimeSelect, ElTreeSelect, type FormInstance} from "element-plus";
 import {
   cloneModelValue as cloneModelValueShared,
   sanitizeOutputValue as sanitizeOutputValueShared,
   getProps as getPropsShared,
   getSlots as getSlotsShared,
   getColSpan as getColSpanShared,
+  isVirtualizedSelect,
   useSanitizeOutputOptions,
   type SanitizeOutputOptions,
 } from "../composables/useFormBase";
@@ -379,6 +382,10 @@ const getComponent = (item: SearchFormItem) => {
   if (item.render) {
     return item.render;
   }
+  // 大选项集自动切换虚拟滚动选择器，避免渲染数万个 el-option 卡死页面
+  if (isVirtualizedSelect(item)) {
+    return ElSelectV2;
+  }
   // 使用 type 获取预定义组件
   const { type } = item;
   return componentMap[type as keyof typeof componentMap] || componentMap["input"];

frontend/web/src/utils/http/index.ts

@@ -199,7 +199,15 @@ export const request: AxiosInstance = axios.create({
   baseURL: import.meta.env.VITE_APP_BASE_API,
   timeout: Number(import.meta.env.VITE_API_TIMEOUT) || 15000,
   headers: { "Content-Type": "application/json;charset=utf-8" },
-  paramsSerializer: (params) => qs.stringify(params, { indices: false }),
+  // qs 会把 null 序列化成空串（?year=），后端 int 参数解析会 422；null/undefined 应直接省略
+  paramsSerializer: (params) => {
+    const cleaned: Record<string, unknown> = {};
+    for (const [key, value] of Object.entries(params ?? {})) {
+      if (value === null || value === undefined) continue;
+      cleaned[key] = value;
+    }
+    return qs.stringify(cleaned, { indices: false });
+  },
 });
 
 request.interceptors.request.use(

frontend/web/src/views/module_bre/statistics/index.vue

@@ -1349,15 +1349,11 @@
           <el-select v-model="mabcBgPanels" multiple collapse-tags placeholder="背景恢复面板（全基因组标记）" style="min-width: 220px">
             <el-option v-for="p in masPanels" :key="p.id" :label="p.panel_name" :value="p.id" />
           </el-select>
-          <el-select v-model="mabcRpTree" placeholder="轮回亲本树" style="min-width: 170px">
-            <el-option v-for="t in treeOptions" :key="t.value" :label="t.label" :value="t.value" />
-          </el-select>
+          <el-select-v2 v-model="mabcRpTree" :options="treeOptions" placeholder="轮回亲本树" style="min-width: 170px" />
           <el-button :loading="treeOptLoading" @click="loadTreeOptions">刷新树</el-button>
         </div>
         <div class="toolbar">
-          <el-select v-model="mabcCands" multiple collapse-tags placeholder="候选回交单株（BC 分离群体）" style="min-width: 300px">
-            <el-option v-for="t in treeOptions" :key="t.value" :label="t.label" :value="t.value" />
-          </el-select>
+          <el-select-v2 v-model="mabcCands" :options="treeOptions" multiple collapse-tags placeholder="候选回交单株（BC 分离群体）" style="min-width: 300px" />
           <span style="color:#909399; font-size:12px">前景阈值</span>
           <el-input-number v-model="mabcMinHits" :min="1" style="width: 90px" />
           <span style="color:#909399; font-size:12px">当前世代</span>
@@ -2435,7 +2431,7 @@ async function loadAnova() {
 }
 async function loadTrialStudies() {
   try {
-    const res: any = await TrialStudyAPI.getTrialStudyList({ page_no: 1, page_size: 200 } as any);
+    const res: any = await TrialStudyAPI.getTrialStudyList({ page_no: 1, page_size: 100 } as any);
     trialStudies.value = (res?.data?.data?.items ?? []) as Array<{ id: number; study_name: string; block_count?: number }>;
   } catch (e: any) {
     msg.error(e?.message || '研究点列表加载失败');

frontend/web/src/views/module_bre/tree_evaluation/index.vue

@@ -306,7 +306,7 @@ function displayValue(trait: TraitTable): string {
 async function loadTraits() {
   if (traitsLoaded.value) return;
   try {
-    const res = await TraitAPI.getTraitList({ page_no: 1, page_size: 500 });
+    const res = await TraitAPI.getTraitList({ page_no: 1, page_size: 100 });
     if (res.data.code === ResultEnum.SUCCESS) {
       const list = res.data.data.items ?? [];
       for (const t of TRAIT_TABS) traitsByCategory[t] = [];
@@ -326,7 +326,7 @@ async function loadObservations(evaluationId: number) {
     const res = await TraitObservationAPI.getTraitObservationList({
       evaluation_id: evaluationId,
       page_no: 1,
-      page_size: 500,
+      page_size: 100,
     });
     if (res.data.code === ResultEnum.SUCCESS) {
       const list = res.data.data.items ?? [];
@@ -856,7 +856,7 @@ async function syncObservations(evaluationId: number) {
     const existing = await TraitObservationAPI.getTraitObservationList({
       evaluation_id: evaluationId,
       page_no: 1,
-      page_size: 500,
+      page_size: 100,
     });
     const ids = (existing.data.data.items ?? []).map((o) => o.id).filter((x): x is number => x != null);
     if (ids.length) await TraitObservationAPI.deleteTraitObservation(ids);